Sapphire
Sapphire
The chemical composition of Sapphire is aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Because it contains trace elements of titanium (Ti4 +) or iron (Fe2 +), it appears as blue. It belongs to Trigonal system. Crystal shape often appears as cylindrical, short columnar, plate, etc.. Geometry mostly appears as granular or dense block. It is transparent or translucent, with glass luster.
Refractive index: 1.76-1.77
birefringence: 0.008
Hardness: 9
Density: 3.95-4.1 g / cc.
Strong dichroism
Non-homogeneous body. Sometimes has a special optical effects - Star effect.
No cleavage, parting development.
Sapphire's critical application on the sensor is as a highly insulating material.
